Complications may include hemorrhage, subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, and pneumothorax.
2.
When chest tube clogging occurs, the pneumothorax or subcutaneous emphysema can recur.
3.
It is not unusual for subcutaneous emphysema to result from positive pressure ventilation.
4.
An endotracheal tube can puncture the trachea or bronchi and cause subcutaneous emphysema.
5.
Extension of the mediastinal air to the subcutaneous tissues via the fascial planes may lead to subcutaneous emphysema.
6.
Spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema is thought to result from increased pressures in the lung that cause alveoli to rupture.
7.
Complications such as pneumothorax, tension pneumothorax, or subcutaneous emphysema can occur if these chest tubes become clogged.
8.
One of the main causes of subcutaneous emphysema, along with pneumothorax, is an improperly functioning chest tube.
9.
Subcutaneous emphysema is present just to the right of the cervical spine immediately above the apex of the right lung.
10.
Consequent injuries may include arterial gas embolism, pneumothorax, mediastinal, interstitial and subcutaneous emphysemas, not usually all at the same time.
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